Welding Equipment and Supplies

The following tables will help you estimate electrode quantity and cost for a variety of joints. The bases for the tabulations are explained below. Should you encounter a variation in conditions or joint preparation that is not shown in the tables, substitute appropriate figures in the W=D/(1-L) formula and calculate it.

Electrode requirements have been calculated as follows:
W= D / 1-L
W = Weight of electrodes required
D = Weight of steel deposited
L = Total electrode losses
To arrive at the weight of steel deposited, it is necessary to calculate first the volume of deposited metal (area of the groove multiplied by the length). Then this volumetric value is converted to weight by the factor 0.283 pounds per cubic inch for steel. Where weld reinforcement is involved, it is added to the requirements for net, unreinforced welds.

These figures are based on the efficiency of the process used. On square and groove joints, the figures are based on stick electrode efficiency. For tubular wire results, divide steel deposit weight by .80, and for solid wire, divide by .90.

Size of fillet L Steel deposited per linear Pounds of electrodes required    
(in inches) foot of weld (lbs.) per linear foot of weld (approx.)    
    Stick* (SMAW) Tubular (FCAW) Solid (GMAW)
1/8 0.027 .049 .034 .03
3/16 0.063 .114 .079 .07
1/4 0.106 .193 .133 .118
5/16 0.166 .302 .208 .184
3/8 0.239 .434 .298 .265
1/2 0.425 .773 .531 .472
5/8 0.663 1.205 .829 .737
3/4 0.955 1.736 1.194 1.061
1 1.698 3.087 2.123 1.890
*Includes scrap end and spatter loss.



Joint dimensions Steel deposited per linear Pounds of electrodes required per        
(in inches) foot of weld (lbs.) linear foot of weld* (approx.)        
METAL BEAD ROOT   With   With
THICK WIDTH OPEN Without reinforcement Without reinforcement
T B G reinforcement (R**=0.07") reinforcement (R**=0.07")
3/16 3/8 0 - 0.088 - 0.16
    1/16 0.020 0.109 0.04 0.20
1/4 7/16 1/16 0.027 0.129 0.05 0.23
    3/32 0.039 0.143 0.07 0.26
5/16 1/2 1/16 0.033 0.153 0.06 0.27
    3/32 0.050 0.170 0.09 0.30
1/8 1/4 0 - 0.119 - 0.21
    1/32 0.013 0.132 0.03 0.24
3/16 3/8 1/32 0.020 0.199 0.04 0.36
    1/16 0.040 0.218 0.07 0.39
1 /4 7/16 1 /16 0.053 0.261 0.10 0.47
    3/32 0.080 0.288 0.14 0.53
*Includes scrap end and spatter loss. **R=Height of reinforcement.



Joint dimensions Steel deposited per linear Pounds of electrodes required per        
(in inches) foot of weld (lbs.) linear foot of weld* (approx.)        
METAL BEAD ROOT   With   With
THICK WIDTH OPEN Without reinforcement Without reinforcement
T B G reinforcement (R**=0.08") reinforcement (R**=0.08")
1/4 0.207 1/16 0.085 0.143 0.15 0.25
5/16 0.311 3/32 0.173 0.258 0.31 0.46
3/8 0.414 1/8 0.282 0.394 0.50 0.70
1/2 0.558 1/8 0.489 0.641 0.87 1.15
5/8 0.702 1/8 0.753 0.942 1.35 1.68
3/4 0.847 1/8 1.088 1.320 1.94 2.35
1 1.138 1/8 1.930 2.240 3.45 4.00
*Includes scrap end and spatter loss. **R=Height of reinforcement.